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Law of Indonesia is based on a civil law system, intermixed with customary law and the Roman Dutch law. Before the Dutch colonisation in the sixteenth century, indigenous kingdoms ruled the archipelago independently with their own custom laws, known as ''adat''. Foreign influences from India, China and Arabia have not only affected the culture, but also weighed in the customary ''adat'' laws. Aceh in Sumatra, for instances, observes their own sharia law, while Toraja ethnic group in Sulawesi are still following their animistic customary law. Dutch presence and subsequent occupation of Indonesia for 350 years has left a legacy of Dutch colonial law, largely in the Indonesia civil code. Following the independence in 1945, Indonesia began to form its own modern Indonesian law, not developing it from scratch, but modifying precepts of existing laws. Dutch legal decisions maintain some authority in Indonesia through application of the concordance principle. The three components of ''adat'', or customary law; Dutch-Roman law; and modern Indonesian law co-exist in the current law of Indonesia. ==Legal system== Indonesia legislation come in different forms. The following official hierarchy of Indonesia legislation (from top to bottom) is enumerated under Law No. 10 Year 2004 on the Formulation of Laws and Regulations: # 1945 Constitution (''Undang-Undang Dasar 1945'' or UUD'45) # Law (''Undang-Undang'' or UU)and Government Regulation in Lieu of Law (''Peraturan Pemerintah Pengganti Undang-Undang'' or Perpu) # Government Regulation (''Peraturan Pemerintah'' or PP) # Presidential Regulation (''Peraturan Presiden'' or Perpres) # Regional Regulation (''Peraturan Daerah'' or Perda) In practice, there are also Presidential Instruction (''Instruksi Presiden'' or Inpres), Ministerial Decree (''Keputusan Menteri'' or Kepmen) and Circulation Letters (''Surat Edaran''), which sometimes conflicts with each other.〔 Once legislative products are promulgated, the State Gazette of the Republic of Indonesia (''Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia'') is issued from the State Secretariat. Sometimes Elucidation (''Penjelasan'') accompanied some legislations in a Supplement of the State Gazette. The Government of Indonesia also produces State Reports (''Berita Negara'') to publish government and public notices. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Law of Indonesia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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